Abstract
Abstract Introduction It is important to understand the rate of complications associated with the increasing burden of revision shoulder arthroplasty. Currently, this has not been well quantified. This review aims to address that deficiency with a focus on (i) shoulder outcome scores, (ii) complication and reoperation rates and (iii) comparison of anatomic and reverse prostheses when used in revision surgery. Method A PRISMA systematic review was performed to identify clinical data for patients undergoing revision shoulder arthroplasty. Data were extracted from the literature and pooled for analysis. Complication and reoperation rates were analysed using a meta-analysis of proportion and continuous variables underwent comparative subgroup analysis. Results 107 studies (5,010 shoulders) were eligible for inclusion, although complete clinical data was not ubiquitous. Indications for revision included component loosening 20% (n = 584/2872), instability 20% (n = 577/2872), rotator cuff failure 18% (n = 528/2872) and infection 17% (n = 490/2872). Revision surgery resulted in a clinically important improvement in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Intraoperative complication, postoperative complication and reoperation rates were 3% (n = 205/4919), 22% (n = 722/3474) and 15% (n = 533/3474) respectively. Intraoperative and postoperative complications included iatrogenic humeral fractures (n = 134/205, 65%) and instability (n = 209/772, 27%). Revision to reverse TSA, rather than revision to anatomic TSA from any index prosthesis resulted in lower complication rates (22% vs. 29%, p < 0.001 odds ratio 1.5) and superior Constant scores (59.9 vs. 53.8, p < 0.001), although no difference in ASES scores. Conclusions Satisfactory improvement in PROMs are reported following revision shoulder arthroplasty; however, revision surgery is associated with high complication rates and better outcomes may be evident following revision to reverse TSA.
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