Abstract
Because HPV cannot be cultured in the laboratory from clinical samples and immunologic assays are not adequate for the detection of HPV infections, currently the most reliable methods for diagnosis are molecular methods to detect HPV nucleic acids in clinical specimens. There are now several methods of detecting the presence, quantity and type of HPV infection including in situ hybridization, hybrid capture, dot blot and PCR. These tests can be grouped according to their method of DNA detection. PCR works by target amplification, hybrid capture by signal amplification, and the rest require no amplification. However, the primary diagnosis tools have been cytology and histology. HPV testing by molecular methods, either alone or in combination with cervical cytology, has been shown in multiple studies to be more sensitive than cervical cytology alone in detecting high- or low-grade cervical histopathology.
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