Abstract
Information theory predicts that Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) channels are able to provide huge gains in terms of reliability and transmission rate. This chapter derives practical methodologies to achieve these gains. It addresses the method to increase link performance and data rates through coding across space and time. It presents two design methodologies motivated by an error rate optimization perspective or by information theory. It also gives an overview of schemes known as space–time codes and discusses their performance in terms of both error and transmission rates. Two groups of encoding schemes are reviewed: space–time block coding in which encoding is based on a block definition and space–time trellis coding in which codes are described by a trellis. Among space–time block codes, the chapter discusses the broad class of Spatial Multiplexing (V-BLAST and D-BLAST) schemes, orthogonal and quasi-orthogonal codes, linear dispersion codes as well as the more recently developed algebraic codes. Regarding trellis codes, the chapter considers the classical space–time trellis codes as well as the super-orthogonal space–time trellis codes.
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