Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BAGs) are synthetic bone graft substitutes that have been investigated by various orthopedic research groups in the past decades. These bone-bonding, osteoconductive materials can be used for various clinical applications. S53P4 is a specific composition of BAG, which is the main topic of this chapter, with the focus on granular S53P4. First, the working mechanism of S53P4 BAG is explained extensively on the basis of surface reactions, the bond to bone, osteostimulation, and bone proliferation around the material. S53P4 BAG has an antibacterial effect that is unique among bone graft materials, which makes the material useful in (suspected) septic bone defects. This antibacterial effect is discussed in detail. Additionally, its degradation and effect on angiogenesis are addressed. The chapter concludes with the current clinical applications of the material that are known in the literature.
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