Abstract
Nanofibers have emerged as important fibrous materials for reinforcing or modifying polymer matrices. Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and polymer nanofibers in composites have been critically reviewed in this chapter. The concept, methodology, potential applications, advantages and limitations of utilizing nanofibers in composite materials are discussed. The important application examples reviewed include carbon and polymer nanofibers in structural carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) matrix composites, polymer nanofiber-reinforced nanocomposites for medical use and modification of thermosetting polymer by polymer/CNF composite nanofibers. A brief account is also given of the future trends in this area.
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