Abstract
Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) seeds have a very long history as a traditional medicine in China, being used in folk remedies as cooling, diuretic, antiemetic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents. In the present study, the hot water-soluble polysaccharides from lotus seeds (LSPS) were evaluated for their cancer cell cytotoxicity, immunomodulatory and antitumor activities. The extraction yield of LSPS in hot water was 0.95%. Therefore, the development of a LSPS-enriched food additive or functional food is needed. LSPS showed significant toxicity on MFC cells and HuH-7 cells with dose-dependent manners. The animal studies showed that LSPS inhibited tumor growth in H22 tumor-bearing mice with the highest inhibition rate of 45.36%, which is comparable to that induced by cyclophosphamide (30 mg/kg) treatment (50.79%). LSPS administration improved the immune response in H22 tumor-bearing mice by increasing the spleen and thymus indexes, and enhancing the levels of serum cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-2. Moreover, LSPS also exhibited in vivo antioxidant activity by increasing SOD activity, thus reducing MDA content in the liver tissue.
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