Abstract
In recent years, highly sensitive applications and sophisticated basic research experiments have demanded the development of new ultrasensitive magnetic sensors like the atomic magnetometer based on the detection of the Larmor spin precession of optically pumped atoms, the hybrid magnetometer based on giant magnetoresistance spin valves, and the diamond magnetometer based on nitrogen-vacancy centers in room-temperature diamond. In this framework, superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) play a fundamental role, since they exhibit extremely low noise with an equivalent energy sensitivity that approaches the quantum limit. In this chapter, we will report an overview of SQUID sensors. Starting from the working principles of a SQUID, we will show the main configurations of SQUID sensors and the most important applications.
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