Abstract
This chapter reviews different aspects related to initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks. Fatigue failure occurs when repeated stresses are applied to a member. Fatigue cracks may sometimes be produced even when the stress amplitude is lower than the static tensile strength or the yield strength. A crack is seen when the specimen is observed from the surface. Once a crack is initiated in this way, stress concentration occurs at both ends of the crack and the crack continues to grow, except in special instances. The chapter discusses that it is known that the fatigue limit is the limit stress under which a micro-crack is initiated but does not propagate further, and not the limit stress under which a crack is not initiated. The design process is usually conducted in such a way that the stress applied to a member is below the fatigue limit. An abrupt fracture occurs when a force greater than a certain value is applied to a crack or crack-like defect. In most cases, the fracture is a brittle fracture.
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