Abstract
Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disorder of gut–brain interaction (DGBI) and represents 3%–14% of cases of unexplained chronic nausea and vomiting. The condition was first characterized in children but is now known to affect all age-groups. The diagnosis is frequently delayed and is often misdiagnosed which causes significant health-related and personal burdens. CVS is often associated with other conditions, especially migraine headaches with which it likely shares common pathophysiology in many instances. Other autonomic, gastrointestinal, and behavioral symptoms occur in concert with emesis. There are four phases in CVS—prodromal, acute emetic, recovery, and inter-episodic—which vary in duration from patient to patient. Common triggers for CVS flares include stress and menstrual periods. The diagnosis of CVS is made clinically using criteria generated by consensus working groups from the Rome Foundation and the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition.
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