Abstract
Gingivitis and periodontitis are known as the main causes of tooth loss in the world. Treatments of periodontitis include oral hygiene instruction, surgical therapy, and chemotherapy. Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is one of the treatment modalities of periodontitis and resultant tooth loss. Nowadays, implant treatment is the most commonly available treatment modalities for tooth loss. GTR has an important role in bone and tissue regeneration of implant dentistry. GTR is based on three main parts: cells, signaling molecules, and scaffold (membranes). There are two types of scaffold for this purpose: nonresorbable membrane and resorbable membrane. In this section, different types of scaffold used in gingival regeneration have been investigated, and recent advances in this field, as well as different types of three-dimensional scaffolds and gene therapy have been discussed.
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