Abstract
The ecological theories of island biogeography and metapopulation dynamics provide some guidance for the selection of reserves. While some general concepts provide broad guidance, they are not useful in helping one choose between different sites and they are not universally true. Since the early 1980s, there has been much attention on developing systematic quantitative methods that use empirical biodiversity data and economic considerations to select a set of sites for biodiversity conservation. This chapter reviews quantitative methods for reserve selection and then concentrates on new ideas that incorporate concepts from spatial ecology, particularly, metapopulation biology and landscape ecology. It compares a range of methods that consider spatiotemporal dynamics in different ways, and shows that the persistence of species in reserve networks is enhanced when spatial considerations are taken into account in reserve network design. The chapter ends with a discussion on the problems of dynamic reserve selection in an uncertain world where one needs to deal with dynamic populations and a dynamic landscape.
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