Abstract
In tribological studies, the characterization of solid surfaces can be considered as one of the most significant contributors to determining the behavior of the total system. This chapter introduces surface geometry including surface topography and surface roughness with special emphasis on various measurement techniques. Hardness, deformation, and fatigue, these three material characteristics, of the solid surfaces in contact, are selected and discussed in detail to understand their impact on friction and wear. Also, the chemistry of tribo-surfaces is of profound importance to the mechanics of contact. Therefore, adsorption, surface film, lubrication, and diffusion are considered. The importance of physical properties on tribology is presented in terms of adhesion, surface energy, and wettability. The thermal properties of tribo-surfaces are further discussed in detail.
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