Abstract
This chapter discusses polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunches. The addition of MCC and CNW into PLA increases the thermal stability of PLA. The Young's modulus of PLA improved by 17% and 36% at 5 per h MCC and CNW loading, whereas the elongation at break decreases to 51% and 70%, respectively. Interestingly, incorporating of 3 per h CNWs into PLA matrices significantly increases the tensile strength by 84% as opposed to that of PLA (16.6MPa), whereas the similar loading of MCC contrarily decreases their tensile strength by 17%.
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