Abstract
Chitosan has emerged as an important biomaterial as it not only possesses a broad range of antimicrobial behavior but is also biodegradable with low mammalian toxicity. It is readily obtained from strong acid and basic treatment of chitinous materials such as crustacean shells. Its antimicrobial effect appears to arise from the interaction of the chitosan's intrinsic positive charge at low pH with microbial cell walls. Chitosan can be readily quaternized or substituted to give materials that operate even under neutral conditions. It can be prepared into gels or nanoparticles and used in applications such as wound care, food packaging, and seed coatings.
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