Abstract
This chapter reviews the common problem of chronic cough (> 4 weeks duration) in children and includes current definitions, cough physiology, causes and therapeutic recommendations. Chronic cough in children differs from adults in definition, causes and therapeutic approach, and is dependent on age and setting. The common differential diagnoses of chronic dry and wet cough in children, including protracted bacterial bronchitis, are explored. Important clinical pointers to other more serious causes, including an inhaled retained foreign body or bronchiectasis, are a useful tool in the diagnostic approach. Recent evidence-based management, using a child-specific cough algorithm, has shown them to be reliable and advantageous in improving outcomes.
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