Abstract
The chapter critically surveys some of the significant advances in the use of natural polymers and herbal extracts for effectively treating wounds. Herbs such as coffee and green tea have been used as encapsulation in the preparation of an adhesive tape made from 100% natural bamboo nonwoven materials to achieve better antibacterial activity. Sodium alginate has been used as outer shell. No allergic reaction has been observed on skin upon testing with the entire two samples on different age and skin types. Woven bamboo fabric has been used as base material for developing wound dressing by coating with various compositions of aloe vera, curcumin and chitosan enhanced with rhEGF for wound healing applications. The coated fabric samples have been analysed for wound healing efficacy adopting the in vivo method. To improve antibacterial activity, cotton fabric has been treated with neem oil, aloe vera and tulsi. The fabric so treated offers the advantages that include selective activity to undesirable microorganisms, safe to user and environment, easier application with durability, resistant to body fluids and disinfections/sterilization. Wound dressings from natural polymers have been reviewed and provide a perspective for skin tissue engineering. The effectiveness of collagen, gelatin, alginate, chitosan, keratin, cellulose, antimicrobial cellulose, silk sericin, etc., has been critically assessed. The challenges and strategies relating to biopolymers as wound healing materials have been examined. These include collagen, alginic acid and its salts, hyaluronic acid and its derivatives, chitosan, fucoidan and poly-N-acetyl glucosamine. With different varieties of polysaccharides in modern wound dressings, the effective utilisation of polysaccharide fibres such as alginate, chitin and chitosan for the medical application, specifically for wound management, have been studied. The current research status relating to these and findings of various researchers have been highlighted.
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