Abstract
The chapter shows how the environmental sustainability of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and/or products containing such materials can be assessed with the support of the life cycle assessment (LCA) framework. LCA is a well-established and developed framework to assess the (environmental) sustainability of new materials and technologies. Following a general introduction into the key characteristics of LCA, the application of this framework in the area of ENM is further specified—highlighting the topics of data availability, of an adequate prospective assessment, and of the impact assessment of eventual nanoparticle releases. But despite a steadily increasing number of case studies, adequate data gathering remains complicated and continues to represent a major hurdle to comprehensively assess fate, transport, and toxicity behavior of ENMs in the framework of an LCA study.
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