Abstract
This chapter discusses the technologies in cellular and molecular biology used to engineer plants to produce several beneficial products. The use of plants as “small factories” for the expression of foreign proteins is an attractive concept. The chapter explores the various transformation methods for gene transfer and stable integration into the plant genome. The chapter also describes the promoters commonly used to express recombinant proteins in plants. Various examples are given to illustrate the applications of recombinant protein expression in agricultural biotechnology and for obtaining novel products from plants. Specific targeting and accumulation of recombinant proteins are also mentioned. This chapter also describes methods and tools for transgenic technology. Moreover, various examples in which transgenic technology has been applied are mentioned. Finally, methods and applications of plant-virus-mediated transient expression systems are reviewed, followed by a discussion. Improving the nutritional value of crops for human or animal use and the use of plants for pharmaceutical purposes are attractive targets for agricultural biotechnology and will be exploited in future.
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