Abstract
Although rare, retinoblastoma remains the best model for the genetic basis of cancer formation in clinical medicine. Twenty years ago there was a paradigm shift in the treatment approach for intraocular retinoblastoma, away from external beam radiation and toward chemoreduction. Over the past 10 years local or regional therapies, such as intraarterial chemotherapy and intravitreal chemotherapy, have become important new modalities to treat selected patients with retinoblastoma. Intraarterial ophthalmic artery chemotherapy infusion has been used successfully at many centers to treat advanced intraocular disease, although rare but significant complications have been encountered. Intravitreal chemotherapy has emerged as an effective modality for treating vitreous seeding, and appears to offer a high globe salvage rate and a low risk of side-effects as long as the clinician adheres to a strict protocol. The current diagnostic and management approaches to the treatment of retinoblastoma are summarized in this chapter, emphasizing the concept that the field is constantly evolving.
Published Version
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