Abstract
Along with continually improving medical treatment, vitreoretinal surgery, itself, has significantly ameliorated the general visual outcome in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The main challenges still include removing media opacities, deactivating retinal ischemia or neovascular complications, and relieving vitreoretinal adhesions and traction. Experienced surgeons together with comprehensive equipment (wide-angle view microscopes, small-gauge endotrocar systems and microinstruments, laser probes, dyes, and tamponades) are necessary or useful to achieve these goals. Last, but not least, individualized, state-of-the-art systemic treatment is mandatory to support and prolong a good outcome for these patients.
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