Abstract
Abstract Introduction Initial download and use of sleep tracking is very high, but prolonged use is very low. Poor prolonged use may be attributable to several factors such as engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information, and recommendation. We appraised these five factors in 16 consumer- and research/medical- grade digital sleep devices. Methods Three reviewers independently assessed 16 consumer- and medical-grade sleep digital devices using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) App quality ratings, which measures engagement (engagement, entertainment, interest, customization, interactivity, target group), functionality (functionality, performance, ease of use, navigation, gestural design), aesthetics (layout, graphics, visual appeal), information (Accuracy. Goals, Quality of information, Quantity of information, Visual information, Credibility, and Evidence base) and recommended on a Likert scale, with 1- Inadequate to 5 Excellent. Each subcategory is rated on a 1-5 Likert scale which is summed for each category: engagement (30), functionality (25), aesthetics (15), information (35) and recommended (yes or no). Results Devices that had the highest engagement score were Fitbit (27), Apple Watch (27), Garmin (27), and Dreem 2 headband (25.5). Apple Watch (30) had highest score; while Fitbit (13), Apple Watch (13), Garmin (13), Samsung Gear (13) had highest aesthetic score. While for information, ActiGraph (35), SOMNOwatch plus (35), CleveMed SleepView Monitor (35), CleveMed Sapphire PSG (35), SOMNOscreen plus (35), Nox T3 Sleep Monitor (35) and Nox A1 PSG System (35) had the highest ratings. The Dreem 2 headband has the potential induce prolong use among users with and without sleep disorders, based on high scores on engagement (25.5), Functionality (20.5), and Information (26.5). Conclusion Consumer- and research-grade digital devices that measure sleep have varying levels of engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information and recommendations to facilitate prolong use. Consumer grade devices had higher engagement, functionality and aesthetics scores, while research grade devices had higher information and recommendation scores. If consumer- and research-grade devices are to have prolonged use, standardization is needed across the five MARS components. Support K01HL135452, R01MD007716, R01HL142066, and K07AG052685
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