Abstract
Water treatment plants generate residue/waste as a result of the flocculation, sedimentation, and coagulation processes used to purify raw water, which is known to be water treatment plant sludge (WTPS). Since sludge had good adsorptive characteristics, hence, it can be utilized for wastewater or contaminated drinking water treatment. Therefore, recycling WTPS to act as an adsorbent for various kinds of applications makes it economically and environmentally acceptable. This chapter addresses the process involved in sludge formation from water treatment plants, physical and chemical characteristics, and the treatment process. Recycling of water treatment sludge for preparing various adsorbents such as activated carbon, modified alum sludge, zeolite, and their utilization in wastewater treatment has also been discussed here. This chapter also focused on current technology developments in the water treatment process and sludge formation, as well as their future potential in remediation-based applications.
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