Abstract
Cleaning is the removal of surface contaminants and is a part of what can be termed as surface preparation, which can also include surface treatments to change the properties of the surface in a desirable way. Care must be taken to ensure that the surface preparation processes do not change the surface in an undesirable or uncontrolled manner. One objective of any surface preparation procedure is to produce a homogeneous surface. Cleaning is the reduction of surface contamination to an acceptable level so that, desirable processing and film/coating properties can be obtained. Practically, a clean surface is one that contains no significant amount of undesirable material; thus, what constitutes a clean surface depends on the requirements.
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