Abstract
Cartilage tissue engineering continues to be a challenging area of research due to the tissue's avascularity but is in demand because of the rising incidence of osteoarthritis. Current clinical solutions fall short because the resulting neocartilage does not possess the correct mechanical or biochemical properties, resulting in eventual treatment failure and recurrence of clinical symptoms. Scaffold-based tissue engineering is an attractive solution because it can offer initial shape and support for new cartilage tissue formation, while degrading over time as the cartilage regenerates to allow better tissue integration. This chapter will review some of the commonly used biodegradable materials and scaffolds developed and their assessment for cartilage and osteochondral extracellular matrix development and tissue regeneration.
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