Abstract
Increasing demand on conventional sources of fuel has made people consider alternative fuels that can decrease the present demand. Researchers are focusing on renewable sources of energy, and biofuels are included in this research. Biofuels are obtained from living organisms; from metabolic by-products, i.e., organic or food waste products; and from plants whose seeds can be used to extract oil. The knowledge of subjects like botany, chemistry, and engineering is involved in identification, production, and application of biofuels from plants, respectively. In this chapter, the main focus is on plants that can be used for the production of biofuels. Subsequently, chemical processes like esterification and transesterification will be explained, along with the fuel properties of different biofuels obtained from plant seeds. Performance and emission of internal combustion engines will be covered, along with which biofuels can be used in which engines.
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