Abstract
Objective: Examine trends of insulin regimens, delivery devices and glucose monitoring among people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the U.S. from 2009-2017. Methods: The IBM® MarketScan® Commercial and Medicare databases were used to identify trends for insulin use over 9 years among people with T1D or T2D who filled a prescription for insulin in a calendar year. Total annual sample size ranged from 373,975 to 660,512. The analyses examined insulin regimen, method of delivery, and use of glucose monitoring systems separately for people with T1D or T2D. Generalized estimating equations were used to test whether trends were statistically significant. Results: For people with either T1D or T2D, use of short/rapid insulin only and use of analog insulins increased while premix insulin use decreased (all P<0.0001) from 2009 to 2017. Basal insulin only use increased for people with T2D over the study period (P<0.0001). Among people with T1D, vial with pump use increased significantly; the use of disposable pens increased in both cohorts (all P<0.0001). The observed use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was numerically higher for patients with T1D compared to patients with T2D, although use significantly increased (both P<0.0001) over the study period for both cohorts. Conclusion: Results suggest that insulin prescribing continues to change with advances in insulin delivery technology and glucose monitoring systems. Disclosure M. Perez-Nieves: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. R. Juneja: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. L. Fan: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. E. Meadows: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Employee; Spouse/Partner; Eli Lilly and Company. Stock/Shareholder; Spouse/Partner; Eli Lilly and Company. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. M.J. Lage: Consultant; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Consultant; Spouse/Partner; Eli Lilly and Company. E.L. Eby: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company.
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