Abstract
Self-expanding Nitinol stents have revolutionized the treatment of peripheral vascular disease. Nitinol stents are manufactured to a size slightly larger than the target vessel size and delivered constrained in a delivery system. After deployment, they position themselves against the vessel wall with a low, ‘chronic’ outward force. They resist outside forces with a significantly higher radial resistive force. This unique behaviour can be directly attributed to the unusual properties of Nitinol, particularly its stress/strain hysteresis. How these material properties relate to the characteristic performance of self-expanding stents is explained. Biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of Nitinol stents are critically reviewed, as well as durability and fatigue. Commercially available stents are listed and differentiated.
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