Abstract
This chapter discusses about the anatomy of a network and networking components, such as hardware, software, and transmission media. When hardware devices exchange messages over a network, the software governing the exchange can view the hardware in one of two relationships: client/server or peer-to-peer. Data communication protocols provide a standardized way for computers to format and transmit data to one another. The interaction of network hardware and software can be viewed as a layered stack. Ethernet is a media access control (MAC) protocol that regulates physical access to network transmission media. The types of Ethernet are defined in a set of standards prepared by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). Standard Ethernet transfers data at a maximum speed of 10 megabits per second (Mbps), and fast Ethernet transfers data at the speed of 100Mbps.
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