Abstract
The dawn of the “Golden age of antibiotics” commenced in the year 1943, and scientists seemed to be incurious about the therapeutic potential of host immune defense mechanisms. Over the years, burgeoned emergence of antimicrobial-resistant microbes mushroomed the need for the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents. As compared to synthetic antibiotics, there are certain advantages to the implication of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) such as delayed resistance, comprehensive antibiofilm activity, and the capacity to control the host immune response favorably. AMPs can be present in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and it is believed that AMPs form the first line of the innate immune defense. Where the tissues and organs are exposed to pathogens, the occurrence of AMPs would be quite high. Thus in animals, AMPs play a major role in the defense mechanism before there are any symptoms. This review layouts the timeline for the development of AMPs and highlights its progress in pharmaceutical and various other fields. Further, it also takes into account the strategies attempted for the modification of AMPs during the timeframe of its development.
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