Abstract
Abstract:Estonia is the most successful of the former republics of the Soviet Union in the transitions toward democratization and a market-based economy. This study is based on a longitudinal survey of a cohort in Estonia that was first interviewed in secondary school in 1966 and last interviewed when they were about 43 years of age in 1991-that is, at a time shortly before Estonia regained its independence.Although studying many aspects of people’s social, economic, and political lives during this critical transition period, we concentrated on two recurring themes. The first is the difference between Estonians and Russians-the main cleavage line in Estonia. How strong was ethnic nationalism at the time when events in this country were moving extremely quickly during the late 1980s and into 1991? The second theme is the comparison between the perceptions of middle-aged people and the young people of Estonia during this crossroads period. How aware were people of who stood to gain and who stood to lose fro...
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