ВПЛИВ ПЕРШОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ НА СОЦІОКУЛЬТУРНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ПОЛТАВСЬКОЇ ГУБЕРНІЇ ТА СВІТОГЛЯД ПРОВІНЦІЙНОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА

Abstract

The everyday social and cultural life of the rear Ukrainian provinces during the First World War has not been studied sufficiently. The thorough research of the phenomena that had been taking place during the Great War of 1914–1918, as well as the study of their impact on fundamental changes in social, political, economic and cultural life, require special attention. For a long time, researchers have not been properly considering the development of provincial societies against the background of global transformations. In this context, regional studies on the problems of the First World War with the application of modern methodology have acquired special scientific importance. The purpose of the paper is to characterize the socio-cultural processes and social views of the provincial society of the Poltava province under the influence of the First World War; to consider the phenomena that arose during the war of 1914–1918 and to investigate their influence on fundamental changes in the social, political, economic and cultural life of the province. Methodology of the study is based on general research methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, observation and abstraction, which are used to systematise various aspects of socio-cultural, economic and political life that arose or underwent significant changes as a result of the all-pervading impact of the war on all aspects of provincial society. Results of the study showed that at the end of the 19th – at the beginning of the 20th century, the public consciousness of the population of Poltava province represented a complex system of ideas, views and attitudes, having been formed under the influence of cultural tradition and modernization processes. In the early 20th century, the cultural life of Poltava province was distinguished by a wide range of diverse practices: from folk and ritual to urban and neoteric ones. Under wartime conditions a mass culture was formed, and its influence was extending to the greater part of society. Practical implications. The conducted research has made a significant contribution to the development of the “culture of war” issue, which is one of the promising areas of historiography and has honoured the historical memory of the First World War as well. Value/originality. Crisis periods of history associated with large-scale military, political, economic and revolutionary transformations play an important role in the creation and presentation of the past. The research is an attempt to satisfy the acute need for the latest and radical rethinking and reformatting of the modern palette of regional / local history in the constructions of the all-Ukrainian past.