0735 Restorative sleep restores sleep loss and excessive time in bed in middle-aged and older adults

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Associations of sleep duration with health outcomes could differ depending on whether sleep is restorative. Age-related changes in the relationship between sleep need and sleep opportunity could also influence these associations. Methods Using data from 5804 participants of the Sleep Heart Health Study, a multicenter population-based prospective cohort study, we examined the longitudinal association of feeling rested after sleep combined with in-home polysomnographymeasured total sleep time (TST) or time in bed (TIB) with allcause mortality. Results A total of 223 (7.1%) and 991 (37.0%) deaths were reported in 3128 middle-aged (40–64 years) and 2676 older adults (≥ 65 years) with a mean (standard deviation) age of 54.5 (6.6) and 73.3 (5.7) years at baseline over a median (interquartile range) follow-up time of 12.3 (11.3–13.5) and 11.3 (8.2–12.2) years, respectively. Among middleaged adults, compared with the interquartile TST range (331 to < 414 min) with feeling rested, the lowest TST quartile (< 331 min) with feeling unrested was associated with higher mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–2.33); the highest TST quartile (≥ 414 min) with feeling rested was associated with lower mortality, independently from health and sleep covariates (aHR, 0.55; 95% CI 0.32–0.97). Among older adults, TIB, but not TST, was consistently associated with mortality. Compared with the interquartile TIB range (404 to < 482 min) with feeling rested, the highest TIB quartile (≥ 482 min) with feeling unrested was associated with higher mortality (aHR, 1.57; 95% CI 1.23–2.01). Conclusion The results suggest the role of restorative sleep in differentiating the effects of sleep duration on mortality outcomes for middle-aged and older adults. Our findings further suggest that there is a need to change the way to optimize sleep hygiene according to age groups: in middle-aged adults maintaining a substantial amount of sleep is more critical, whereas in older adults optimizing sleep opportunity is more critical to determine the sleep–mortality relationship. Support (if any) This work was supported by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Government of Japan (Grant numbers #19FA1009 and #21FA1002).