СОСТОЯНИЕ НАЧАЛЬНЫХ ШКОЛ ДУХОВНОГО ВЕДОМСТВА РУССКОЙ ПРОВИНЦИИ ВО ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XIX В. (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ ЯРОСЛАВСКОЙ ЕПАРХИИ)

Abstract

The article analyzes the socio-cultural activities of the Yaroslavl Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church on the basis of the analysis of legislative, clerical and statistical materials, periodicals, as well as journalism on the example of the functioning of the primary school system subordinate to this diocese. The chronological scope of the article is limited to 1861-1900, i.e. the time defined by a number of researchers as post–reform. Constant comparisons of local data with general imperial data are given, which makes it possible to identify all-Russian patterns and local specifics. The role of primary schools of the spiritual department in the development of primary education of the Yaroslavl province is determined. The article gives a classification of the types of primary schools: parochial schools and literacy schools. The analysis of changes in the dynamics of the number of parochial schools from the 60s - 90s of the XIX century, from a decrease to a significant increase at the end of the century, is given. The problems in the development of the primary school of the spiritual department (insufficient methodological training of teachers, weak material base, etc.) and positive aspects (increase in the number of literates, expansion of the school network, etc.) are shown. The role of the Russian Orthodox Church in the development of primary schools is revealed by the example of the activities of the Yaroslavl diocese. The work of special bodies of the diocese, such as the Yaroslavl Diocesan School Council and its county branches, to monitor the formation of primary education and assistance in the development of primary schools in the province was noted. (The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation №22-28-01231, https://rscf.ru/project/22-28-01231/).