Влияние жасмоновой кислоты и пониженной температуры на возможность длительного хранения клоновых подвоев яблони в культуре in vitro

Abstract

The possibility of using jasmonic acid during long-term storage of microplants of Malus Mill. apple was studied in culture in vitro, under different temperature regimes. The purpose of this research was to study the possibility of reducing the growth rate of microplants of clonal apple rootstocks, with the addition of various concentrations of jasmonic acid to nutrient media, in combination with different temperature regimes of deposition. The studies were carried out on a large sample of clonal apple rootstocks (found in the in vitro collection): 54-118, 57-490, 57-491, 57-545, 62-396, 69-6-217, MM106, M 26, Mark 9, which made it possible to obtain sufficiently diverse results in the form of clonal rootstocks and various variants of nutrient media. When jasmonic acid was used, its positive effect on the safety of microplants of clonal rootstocks of apple-trees was noted, in comparison with the control variant without its application. Cultivation at +20...22°C and the use of nutrient media with the addition of jasmonic acid in a concentration of 0.25-1.0 mg/l, allows maintaining the viability of the studied micro-plants clonal rootstocks of apple trees at the level of 4.8-23.8%, after 48 months direct deposit. Cultivation at +3...6°С and the use of nutrient media with the addition of jasmonic acid ensures the safety of microplants of clonal rootstocks of apple trees at the level of 5.3-52.4% after 48 months of deposition. Viability at cultivation at +3...6°С of microplants of clonal rootstocks of apple-tree above in comparison with cultivation at +20...22°С, moreover higher is marked in variants with addition of jasmonic acid in nutrient media. The maximum preservation was noted, when cultivated at +3...60С, in the variant with the addition of jasmonic acid in the concentration of 1.0 mg/l at the level of 21.1-52.4% (depending on the clonal stock). The deposition of apple microplants in an in vitro culture on media with the addition of jasmonic acid, even in small concentrations, and at a low positive temperature, ensures their higher viability during 48 months of non-stop culture.