Особливості формування видового складу коваликів (elateridae) у посівах соняшнику і кукурудзи в Лісостепу України

Abstract

In modern conditions of agricultural development, the priority is the cultivation of corn and sunflower, focused on high-performance technology and yield, which allows you to sell goods at a high price. This is achieved by a system of measures to protect plant crops from harmful phytophagous insect species. The article analyzes the current species composition and dynamics of the number of larvae of crackers in crops and industrial crops, according to modern growing technologies. Presented long-term observations of the structure of clickers in crops of sunflower and corn in the Cherkasy and Poltava region, 2010-2018, the most common types of click beetls, Agriotes sputator L., Agriotes gurgistanus Fald. and Selatosomus latus L. The analysis of scientific research on the distribution of the pest in the forest-steppe of Ukraine. Phenology, morphology and features of biology of the studied click beetles species in the study region are described. The reproduction features of pests and their features of vertical migration in sunflower and maize crops are highlighted, depending on the influence of entomophages and changes in soil and climatic conditions. The data on the duration of the harmful effects of the larvae of click beetles in the crops of sunflower and corn. Characterized by the reaction of plants to damage the wireworm, the effectiveness of phytosanitary measures to limit the mass development of the population in modern farming systems in the forest-steppe of Ukraine. Highlights of the main provisions, the control of the number of click beetles in biological agriculture, through the qualitative and timely use of biological products, and the increase in the mechanisms of insect self-regulation in short-term crop rotations are highlighted.