ЗМІНИ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ФІЗИЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ДІТЕЙ 5 РОКІВ м. КИЄВА В ДИНАМІЦІ 1912-2019 РОКІВ

Abstract

Objective: on the basis of dynamic observations to assess changes in the physical development of preschool children in Kyiv, and to develop standardized indicators. Research methods: hygienic, physiological, anthropometric, statistical. Object of study - preschool children in Kyiv, both sexes, aged 5 years; indicators of physical development, scientific literature. In order to assess the dynamics of the physical development of preschool children, to develop standardized indicators, using anthropometric, physiological and hygienic research methods, we studied the morphological and functional indicators of physical development of 278 modern preschoolers in Kyiv. Results: it is proved that modern children of 5 years of age in comparison with their peers in 1912, 1962 and 2005 have a narrower chest, ie more prone to asthenic body structure, which is especially pronounced among girls. It is also impossible to exclude the beginning of the slowing down of acceleration processes in both sex and age groups, and given the data of physical development of girls, even in the future the tendency to stagnation of physical development. Thus, there is a sexual differentiation of the growth processes of children of five years of age, as evidenced by significant differences in the morphological, functional and anthropometric characteristics of preschoolers, but different rates of their physical development are noted.