Визначення ефективності вироблення електричної енергії атомними електростанціями за методологією повних енергетичних витрат. Частина 3. Витрати енергії на експлуатацію, ліквідацію та визначення загальної ефективності

Abstract

The results of determination of the efficiency of electric power production by nuclear power plants with WWER-1000 reactors according to the methodology of full energy costs are presented. The procedure for determining the efficiency of technologies by this methodology was published earlier. In part 1 of this article, which was published in the 2nd issue of «The Problems of General Energy» for 2018, one can find calculated values of the total energy costs for the construction of nuclear power plants. In part 2 of the article, which is published in the 3rd issue of «The Problems of General Energy» for 2018, we present the results of calculations of energy expenditure for the receipt of nuclear fuel, which is necessary for the work of NPP during its lifetime. Part 3 covers the questions of energy costs for the operation of a large NPP with a power of 3.0 GW and the cost of its decommissioning and determines the final characteristics of its energy efficiency. As a result of these calculations, it was established that the efficiency of power generation at NPPs in the case of invariable rate of the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) relative to the foreign exchange rates at an average UAH inflation of 7.5% is practically zero. Namely, the coefficient of energy efficiency of power generation at NPPs has a level of 1.106, which is evidence of the almost total expenditure of energy produced by the NPP for its own existence and reproduction. This also shows the unprofitableness of targeting to the purchase of technologies, equipment and materials for the operation of power units for import at the NBU exchange rates. The efficiency of power generation at NPPs at the rate determined by the parity of the purchasing power of US dollar in Ukraine (energy efficiency factor is 1.88), shows that 88% of the electricity generated by this NPP is predicted to be useful for the people. This also indicates the efficiency of using domestic technologies, equipment and materials for the operation of power facilities.