Нормативно-правовое регулирование сферы физкультуры и спорта в СССР 1950-1980-х гг. как социальной «лаборатории» конструирования идеала советского человека

Abstract

The article is devoted to the history of the realization of the ideal of the Soviet man in the system of physical culture and sports of the USSR. The subject of the author's attention is the sphere of Soviet physical culture and sports in the 1950s-1980s. The article gives a general description and highlights the main stages of regulatory regulation of this industry as a social environment in which ideas about the ideal of the Soviet man were formed. The analysis of key normative acts is carried out in order to identify the conditions under which the ideas of a new exemplary socialist personality were constructed. The author also presents an analysis of socio-cultural circumstances that somehow influenced the nature of the regulatory regulation of the sphere of physical culture and sports. The source base of the study, in addition to regulatory legal acts, also included materials of sports periodicals and archival materials. The paper shows the role of the ideocratic regime prevailing in the country in the process of implementing the course of state policy in the field of physical culture and sports. This allowed us to conclude that the branch of physical culture and sports of the 1950s-1980s became the object of the implementation of the power-ideological project on the formation of a new exemplary personality. Therefore, the state system of physical culture and sports was set up to address the priority goals and objectives of this project. The conditions created by the party and the government in the field of physical culture and sports contributed to the formation of ideas about the ideal of the Soviet man in society. Accordingly, the specific mechanisms for the implementation of the project were reflected in the regulations of the study period. The adoption of key documents can be divided into three stages. At the first stage (the end of the 1940s - the first half of the 1950s), a regulatory framework was created to strengthen the sports infrastructure and increase the physical culture and sports movement in the country. Since the mid-1950s and in the first half of the 1980s, the system has been focused on gaining dominance in the world sports movement in order to demonstrate the successes and victories of the socialist system. During this period, there was a regulatory and legal point adjustment of the sphere of physical culture. In the period 1985-1989, in the regulatory and legal regulation of the sphere of physical culture and sports, there was a desire to combat negative phenomena in the industry.