Abstract
The article is devoted to the subject insufficiently developed in the national historiography. The study is conducted on materials of several archives: archive of Department of the Federal security service in Sverdlovsk region, State archive of Sverdlovsk region, current archive of Territorial body of Federal state statistics service for Sverdlovsk region and the Centre of documentation of public organizations of Sverdlovsk region with the assistance of the scientific and publicistic literature. The relevance of the topic is determined by its importance for the social sciences, especially for history and sociology. Scientific novelty of the work is seen in the fact that the new materials discovered by the author in these archives are introduced into scientific usage. The article aims to study the level and dynamics of the monetary income of the most numerous categories of urban and rural population of the Sverdlovsk region: workers, engineering-technical workers, employees of industry and farmers. It is noted that the socio-economic role of monetary income is very large and consists primarily in the determination of the level of consumption of the population. It is alleged that during the studied decade, the wages of industrial workers increased slightly. It is claimed that small amounts of wages are not enough even for everyday expenses for acquisition of necessary manufactured goods and food. It is stated that the end of the studied period was marked by the first serious conflicts between workers and administration on the basis of low wages. It is declared that the average salary of workers was significantly lower than engineer ones. It is emphasized that the total incomes of working families trail also the incomes of industry workers’ families. It is proved that the monetary income of Sverdlovsk region farmers from the work in social production in the examined period was lower the income of almost all other categories of the population. The conclusion is that monetary incomes of the population in the studied period as a whole were low.
Highlights
© Мамяченков Владимир Николаевич (2017), orcid.org/0000-0001-6070-8746, доктор исторических наук, профессор кафедры региональной экономики, инновационного предпринимательства и безопасности, Институт государственного управления и предпринимательства, Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента
It is stated that the end of the studied period was marked by the first serious conflicts between workers and administration on the basis of low wages
It is proved that the monetary income of Sverdlovsk region farmers from the work in social production in the examined period was lower the income of almost all other categories of the population
Summary
© Мамяченков Владимир Николаевич (2017), orcid.org/0000-0001-6070-8746, доктор исторических наук, профессор кафедры региональной экономики, инновационного предпринимательства и безопасности, Институт государственного управления и предпринимательства, Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента. Цель статьи — исследование уровня и динамики денежных доходов наиболее многочисленных категорий городского и сельского населения. Отмечается, что социально-экономическая роль денежных доходов очень велика и состоит, прежде всего, в детерминации уровня потребления населения. Доказывается, что денежные доходы колхозников Свердловской области от работы в общественном производстве в исследуемом периоде были ниже доходов практически всех других категорий населения. Социально-экономическая роль денежных доходов очень велика и состоит, прежде всего, в детерминации уровня потребления населения. При этом для оценки уровня и динамики доходов населения используются три показателя: номинального, располагаемого и реального дохода. В качестве объекта исследования в предлагаемой статье выбраны ведущие категории городского и сельского населения Свердловской области, а именно: рабочие, ИТР и служащие промышленности и колхозники. Исследование денежных доходов как важнейшего элемента уровня материального благосостояния населения будет вполне целесообразно начать с рабочих как самой массовой категории городского населения в исследуемом периоде. Парка, «усиливает, простирает и выставляет напоказ человеческую природу во всех ее разнообразных проявлениях»
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