Abstract

Introduction. In historical and legal science, the codes of the RSFSR, which were adopted in the 1920s and 1960s, are well studied. The work on codification of the legislation of the USSR, which was carried out in the 1930s and 1940s, were practically not investigated. Purpose. Purpose of the study is to establish the reasons for codification work at the Union level, to describe the process of drafting codes, to analyze proposed projects, to identify factors why they did not become laws. Methodology. The methodology includes a combination of the following methods: dialectical materialism, evidence-based methods, formal legal and comparative legal methods. The method of dialectical materialism made it possible to show that the draft codes reflected the economic, social and political changes that occurred during the study period. The evidence-based methods was necessary to establish all the circumstances of the development of codes. The formal legal method was used to analyze draft codes as legal documents. The comparative legal method was used to compare separate projects with each other and with existing codes. Results. The first attempts at union-wide codification date back to the early 1930s, but the active phase begins after the adoption of the Constitution of 1936, which significantly expanded the legislative authority of the USSR. Four projects were being prepared: the Criminal Code of the USSR, the Code of Criminal Procedure of the USSR, the Civil Code of the USSR and the Civil Procedure Code of the USSR. Only the draft of the Criminal Code of the USSR was completely completed. Conclusion. Despite lengthy preparations, the codes were not formally approved. The main reason is that the idea of an all-Union codification does not conform to the federal form of the Soviet state.

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