ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МОТИВАЦІЇ ВОЛОНТЕРСЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

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The article is devoted to the problem of motivation of volunteer activity. The relevance of the problem under investigation is highlighted based on analysis, generalization and systematization of scientific sources, taking into account the geopolitical transformations, socio-economic changes currently taking place in Ukrainian society. The data of the polls conducted by the Ukrainian (N. Vaynilovich, T. Liakh, I. Yurchenko) and foreign scientists (G. Bodrenkova, J. Baker, A. Omoto, M. Snyder, J. Trambauer ) on subjectively significant motivators of social activity of volunteers is analyzed. The publication theoretically substantiates and outlines the first results of empirical research by the authors of psychological features of motivation of volunteers (n = 38). The diagnostic methods used in the study (the methodology «Diagnostics of socio-psychological attitudes of the individual in the need-motivational sphere» by A. Potemkina, the orientation questionnaire «Identification of the person’s orientation» by B. Bass, the technique «Diagnosis of motivation for achievement» by A. Mehrabian) are enumerated. The attitudes of volunteers in the motivational and need sphere, focused on altruism - selfishness, process − result are characterized on the basis of quantitative and qualitative analysis of empirical data; the features of their personal orientation to themselves, to communicate or to work are described; the dominance of the motivation to achieve success or avoid failure is defined. In the sample of volunteers it is studied the apparent dominance of altruistic attitudes, the motivation for success, the focus on communication and activity. The results of the correlation analysis carried out using the SPSS program v. 17.0, between individual investigated indicators that represent the psychological characteristics of motivation for volunteering («altruism - the focus on communication» (rху = 0,362, for p ≤ 0,01), «altruism − the motivation for achieving» (rху = 0,495, for p ≤ 0,05) are represented. Taking into account the results of the theoretical analysis and the conclusions of the empirical study, the following aspects are identified that are promising for further development of the problem of motivating volunteer activities: continuing the study of the psychological features of motivation of volunteers, tracking the development of individual and socio-psychological factors of volunteer activity, depending on the experience of its duration, gender and age, maintenance objects and so on.