Пролонгированное действие методик физкультурно-оздоровительных занятий на мужчин пожилого возраста

Abstract

The relevance of the topic is justified by the lack of studies on the prolonged effect of long-term recreational physical training of elderly men on the development of their physical qualities and physical performance as integral indicators of the assessment of morpho-functional systems of the body, long-term adaptation of the body to graduated (primarily strength) exercise. The aim of the study is to identify and evaluate the prolonged effect of the developed first and second variants of the methods of physical culture and wellness classes that were tested during the first and second stages of eight-month-long cycles and the ten years of pedagogical experiments on the dynamics of the manifestation of physical qualities, physical performance of one contingent of men aged 60 to 65 and 64 to 69. Experimental work was carried out in the Tomsk-Klub wellness center in Tomsk for ten years, from 2010 to 2019. Men aged 60-69 took part in the experiment. The research methods are: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, materials of own research; methods of interpretation of research results, pedagogical observation; testing of physical qualities; assessment of physical performance; pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical statistics. The specificity of prolonged action has been proved, two variants of methods of physical culture and wellness classes have been developed to adapt the body of elderly men to long-term targeted and graduated (primarily strength) exercise. Adaptation is characterized by the specificity of the manifestation of types of strength qualities when performing exercises that differ in biomechanical structure. 10 years of systematic classes of health-improving physical culture of men aged 60 to 69, according to the first variant of the technique, slow down the involutional aging processes: the preservation of functional reserves of the cardiovascular, respiratory and neuromuscular systems, economical adaptation of the body to long-term physical loads are observed. The second variant of the methodology of physical culture and wellness classes (based on the first variant, but supplemented with a developed methodology for the use of restorative means) proved to be more effective during the first and second stages of eight-month-long pedagogical experiments than the first variant of the methodology for it provides a prolonged effect on the stabilization of the functional capabilities of physiological systems, mechanisms of long-term adaptation of the body to graduated (primarily strength) exercise, which is manifested in the stable dynamics of the development of strength, strength endurance, statistical strength endurance, physical performance in men aged 65 to 69 in the parameters they had when they were 60 to 64.