Abstract
The article comprehensively examines theoretical and practical aspects of open science development in the modern research space. The evolution of the open science concept has been analyzed. It has been determined that the modern understanding of open science is based on the principles of transparency, collaboration, and inclusivity, which are implemented through open access to publications, research data, and methodologies. The role of leading international organizations in the development of open science has been investigated. In particular, SPARC's activities in overcoming inequalities in scientific communication, Science Europe's contribution to the formation of research data management standards, and Coalition S's impact on the transformation of scientific publishing models have been analyzed. It has been established that these organizations play a key role in shaping open science policies, developing infrastructure, and implementing new models of scientific communication. Special attention has been paid to the development of open science in Ukraine in the context of European integration and the formation of national open access infrastructure. The main directions of development have been analyzed, including the creation of a network of institutional repositories, development of open access journals, legislative support, and international cooperation. Ukraine's high performance in open data has been noted, indicating significant progress in implementing public information transparency policies. Based on the analysis, key components of modern open science have been identified, including open research data complying with FAIR principles, open research methods, open peer review of scientific works, and digital infrastructure. The main challenges of open science development have been revealed, particularly financial aspects of open access publishing, technical issues of data standardization and storage, overcoming cultural barriers, and the need to change established practices. The prospects for further development of open science have been substantiated, which are associated with improving technological infrastructure, implementing effective mechanisms for evaluating scientific activities, and creating incentives for adherence to open science principles
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