Інноваційні підходи до створення системи виробництв біологічних засобів захисту рослин в Україні

Abstract

The purpose. To determine the principles of innovative approaches in the production of plant protection products based on microbiological preparations and entomophages, and to propose an organizational structure for the production of these products in Ukraine. Methods. Theoretical generalization, research in applied microbiology and entomology, analysis, synthesis. Results. The main technological and technical methods and equipment for the production of biological plant protection products (BPPP) at enterprises of various levels and their application in agrocenoses developed by the Institute of Biotechnics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine are presented, and the general structure of biological plant protection system in Ukraine is proposed. Attention is drawn to specific technologies and equipment for the production of microbiological preparations of various sizes: bacterial, fungal, viral, and the use of nematodes. Attention is paid to the production of entomological preparations for protecting plants from pests. These technologies were developed by the Scientific and Technical Institute «Biotekhnika»of the NAAS and can be used in special factories. Terrestrial methods for entering BPPP into agrocenoses and using aviation are proposed, which significantly reduces labor costs. To build a production system for BPPP in Ukraine, principles have been proposed and the Institute of Biotechnology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine has developed a scheme for the administrative-functional interaction of various services of biosecurity systems in Ukraine, which can be used for tasks at various levels. Conclusions. The proposed innovative approaches to the development, creation and use of BPPP in Ukraine, based on the bioproduction system of these products, will significantly increase their use in plant protection in organic production and their share in integrated plant protection.