Состояние и перспективы развития мелиорации в Амурской области

Abstract

The reclamation complex of the region, after a long period of uncertainty, is among the priorities of agricultural development. The article deals with the problems of land reclamation, which acts as a means of ensuring the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex of the region, since land reclamation plays a crucial role in increasing the fertility of developed lands and crop yields. However, reclamation systems need constant maintenance. It is noted that forest reclamation is insufficiently developed in the region. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of land reclamation in the Amur region. The study was conducted in 2018 – 2021 in the Amur region. It has been established that the majority of reclamation systems are in unsatisfactory condition due to a long service life, lack of repair and maintenance, as well as great wear and tear. As a result of the conducted research, the necessity of restoration and reconstruction of the reclamation systems of the region was established. The ways of development of land reclamation on the basis of restoration, repair, reconstruction and construction of new land reclamation systems are outlined. An example of the reconstruction of the reclamation Gilchinsk drainage system and the results of this reconstruction are given, which are expressed in the fact that agricultural work began to be carried out in optimal agrotechnical terms, regardless of weather conditions, and farmers receive stable high yields of agricultural crops. It was noted that it became necessary to pay attention to the design and construction of land reclamation. The modern approach to the survey of reclamation systems, the main directions of repair of concrete structures of reclamation structures are considered. The subject methods of economics, ecology, principles: diversity of forms are used. To conduct this study, information data from websites and other open sources were used.