Розвиток зв’язного мовлення дітей старшого дошкільного віку засобами образотворчої діяльності

Abstract

The article provides a theoretical analysis of scientific publications on the development of senior preschool children’s coherent speech by means of visual art activity. The concept of “coherent speech” is defined from the psychological perspective as the contextual speech, which reflects the fundamental connections of the subject. It is a comprehensive expression of the speaker’s opinion, which becomes clear to the listeners; it is logical, consistent speech at the textual, discursive level. The author of the article reveals the inseparable unity of art and aesthetics, while pointing to the specifics of each category. Therefore, all types of artistic activity have an aesthetic and artistic principle “to create under the laws of beauty” in a certain form, providing people with a high degree of spiritual pleasure. Arts help the individual to establish a certain connection with the outside world, an aesthetic connection with reality, allow changing oneself, one’s abilities, one’s inner world. Aesthetic worldview is not just contemplation of things, but a special worldview, open to a human in the personal dimension. Thus, the focus of human vision is the uniqueness of everything that happens in the reality. This worldview is the basis for the development of the world art. Speech is important in the creation of the concept. At first, speech has a declarative descriptive nature, and serves as a means for understanding the picture. The emergence of this type of speech occurs unplanned (the scheme: draw-explain). At the second stage, speech is involved in the step-by-step creation of a plan (the child consistently plans the individual details of the drawing, with the help of speech he/she outlines each next step, talking about possible options for the drawing). At the last stage, the child mentally makes a plan or a program of sequential actions, which are subsequently voiced. Keywords: speech activity, coherent speech, visual art activity, preschool age, children of senior preschool age, preschool institution.