수토사 장한상의 官歷과 주요 행적

Abstract

In this paper, Jang Han-sang’s career and his major achievements were investigated and reviewed. When Jang Han-sang was 21 years old, he passed the military service examination in 1676, and was appointed as a seonjeongwan (宣傳 官) and entered the official world for the first time in 1678. Since then, Jang Han-sang served in various government posts in central and local governments. However, as he entered the high-ranking government post, he had to make certain relationships with ruling power every time to preserve and promote his political and social status. After the Gisa Hwanguk (己巳換局) in 1689, he entered into a relationship with the Namin party and after the Gabsul Hwanguk (甲戌換局) in 1694, he had a constant personal network with the Noron party. Therefore, when ruling power was switched, daegan(臺諫) repeatedly impeached him. Whenever that happened, the King gave Jang Han-sang excuses, defended him and reduced his sentence, meaning that the King acknowledged Jang Han-sang’s talents and abilities as a military officer. In fact, Jang Han-sang had been highly regarded as being the competent military officer internally and externally by the Royal Court at that time. One of the Jang Han-sang’s major achievements is that he had patrolled Ulleungdo after he became Cheomsa of Samcheok in 1694. Jang Han-sang’s patrolling Ulleungdo gave an opportunity to adopt the Government Patrol System of Ulleungdo institutionally in the late Joseon period. In particular, the fact that he had viewed Dokdo while patrolling Ulleungdo is a valuable record for the territorial dispute between Korea and Japan over Dokdo to prove that Korean people had been aware of Dokdo from quite early on. In addition, Jang Han-sang was appointed as a military officer of Japanese Tongsinsa(通信使) in 1682 and visited Japan, and involved in overseeing the fortification of Bukhansanseong in 1711 as a Docheong (都廳). In 1712, he investigated the southern region of Baekdu Mountain in person and offered preliminary knowledge to decide the border between Joseon Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. Moreover, Jang Han-sang actively trained soldier when he was a Bukbyeongsa(北兵使) and had an interest in improving the capacity of weapons. Furthermore, he never neglected to relieve starved people.