Особливості зносу пар тертя канат-блок і канат-барабан за умов роботи підйомно-тягових пристроїв

Abstract

The features of wear of rope-block and rope-drum friction pairs of lifting and traction devices operating in the conditions of a hot manufactory of the metallurgical plant and also the mining and beneficiation plant were studied. It is shown that the causes of wear of the elements of the rope-block and rope-drum friction pairs are the interaction in their contact zones, which occurs in the surface layers under the influence of high contact stresses, friction, cyclic loads, abrasive particles, active atmospheric and industrial environments. It was found that these actions lead to irreversible processes of accumulation of stresses and plastic shifts, which have a periodic and heterogeneous character. It is shown that the strength of the lifting or traction rope is determined by the degree of wear of the wires, primarily those in contact with the block and the drum. The structural changes in the surface layers of the wires and the mechanisms of the formation of wear particles were analyzed, which confirm the heterogeneous nature of the wear of the wires in the strands of the rope. Areas of abrasive wear were also observed on the worn surface of the wires, where under the action of solid foreign particles of contamination with sharp corners falling between the wires, the surface of the wires was undercut. It is shown that the presence of non-metallic inclusions leads to the formation of wear particles and fatigue cracks. It was established that the wear of friction pairs of rope-block and rope-drum of hoisting and traction devices has a fatigue-corrosive nature, and the main mechanism of the formation of wear particles is the development of plastic shifts in the surface layers of friction pairs and their separation by plastic exfoliation and abrasive and corrosive destruction. The shape of the wear particles depends on the type of material and the conditions of their formation. It is proposed to take measures regarding structural approaches to friction pairs, taking into account their working conditions, in order to reduce contact stresses and increase their wear resistance, reliability and durability.