ЛОГІСТИКА ЯК ЧИННИК ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ УКРАЇНИ У СФЕРІ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

Abstract

The dynamics of the level of global competitiveness of Ukraine according to the rating of the World Economic Forum is studied. Analysis of these trends shows a relatively low rating level of our country in the global dimension. The components of the Global Competitiveness Index of the national economy are analyzed and it is revealed that the main regression can be traced in the sphere of financial systems and healthcare. Instead, the country's position on the criteria of «goods market», «labor market» and «institutional development» is significantly improving. The current state and structure of Ukraine's foreign trade are revealed. It was found that the volumes of exports and imports of goods and services of Ukraine tend to decrease. It is noted that the weak link in Ukraine's foreign trade is the structure of exports, in which most of the raw materials and primary products. It is noted that Ukraine's logistics system is progressing. This is clearly demonstrated by the dynamics of the national Logistics Performance Index (LPI). In 2018, Ukraine ranks 66th among 160 countries in terms of the efficiency of the logistics system. The value of the LPI in 2018 is 2.83 points. The most developed component of the domestic logistics system is the timeliness (3.42), and the least developed –infrastructure (2.22). Ways to increase Ukraine's competitiveness in the field of foreign economic activity through the efficient use of logistics are considered. A set of measures to optimize the logistics of Ukraine's foreign trade is proposed, which should be aimed at unification of national legislation, harmonization of transport and logistics infrastructure so that it has common technical parameters and ensures the use of a single technology of international delivery. The proposed recommendations for the development of national logistics infrastructure are aimed at ensuring the competitiveness of national logistics operators at the international level, improving the efficiency of export-import operations, increasing the level of national competitiveness of Ukraine.