Abstract
موضوع البحث: المسائل التي خالف فيها الظاهرية الجمهور واختارها شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية (الأحوال الشخصية أنموذجا). هدف الدراسة: عرض وجمع المسائل التي خالف فيها الظاهرية الجمهور واختارها شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية، وتأصيلها، وبيان أدلة کل قول ومناقشتها، والترجيح فيما بينها. منهج البحث: يعتمد الباحث على المنهج الاستقرائي؛ ثم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي؛ لتوضيح وتحليل آراء العلماء في المسألة محل البحث. أبرز نتائج البحث: 1- کان ابن حزم أجمع أهل الأندلس قاطبة في عصره لعلوم الإسلام. 2- يرى ابن حزم وابن تيمية عدم جواز إجبار الأب لابنته البکر البالغة على النکاح، کما أنه لا يحل للزانية أن تنکح أحدا، حتى تتوب. 3- يرى ابن حزم وابن تيمية أنه لا يحرم من الرضاع إلا خمس رضعات متفرقات. ذهب ابن حزم إلى أن رضاع الکبير محرم مطلقا، وقال به ابن تيمية عند الحاجة. الکلمات المفتاحية: قضايا - اختلاف في الرأي - ابن حزم - ابن تيمية - الظاهرية - الزواج من امرأة مطلقة- إرضاع الکبير The Issues about which al-Ẓāhiriyyah Disagreed with the Mainstream Scholars, Selected by Ibn Taymiyyah: A Sample form Personal Status Jurisprudence By: Dr. Mahā’ Salim Ibrahim Assuwaidā’ Assistant Professor of Comparative Islamic Jurisprudence at the Department of Islamic Culture, Hail University maha.2233@hotmail.com Abstract Research Objective: compiling and presenting all the the issues about which al-Ẓāhiriyyah differed with the mainstream scholars, and were chosen by Ibn Taymiyyah. These issues have been analyzed, explored and their evidences are discussed, giving preference to chosen rulings. Research Methodology: the researcher relies on the inductive method, then the descriptive analytical method, in an attempt to elucidate and analyze the opinions of scholars on the issue under discussion. Major Findings of the Paper: 1. During his time, Ibn Hazm was the supreme authority on Islamic sciences in all Andalusia. 2. Ibn Hazm and Ibn Taymiyyah are of the opinion that a father is not permitted to force his adult virgin daughter into marriage. To them, a woman who has committed adultery is not allowed to marry until she has already repented3. Ibn Hazm and Ibn Taymiyyah are of the opinion that it takes five separate instances of breastfeeding to establish a relationship of spouse by nursing, 4. Ibn Hazm ruled that breastfeeding of an adult is absolutely prohibited, whereas Ibn Taymiyyah allowed it when needed. Key words: Issues – Difference in opinion – Ibn Hazm – Ibn Taymiyyah – Ẓahiriyah – Remarrying one's divorced woman
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